Realism Naturalism English

Realism Naturalism English Realism and Naturalism are two similar literary movements of the 19th and 20th century that deal with the real, cruel world. Realism was developed in the early 1800s as a branch off of Romanticism which also dealt with ordinary, â€Å"natural† life. Realism most straightforwardly is â€Å"the truthful treatment of material.† Writers in this movement focused mainly on everyday, natural incidents involving ordinary people, nothing too extreme or out of the ordinary. This movement put most emphasis on detached, precise observations of human life. Some such writers were Mark Twain and Dean Howells. Naturalism was just a more extreme, darker version of Realism. However Naturalism is based on very different philosophy in which people are prisoners of their inheritance and social environment, a result of Darwinian influence of scientific reasoning. In Naturalism, life is viewed more as machine like than humanistic; man is simply just another animal on planet earth driven by hi s chemistry and environment. Spirituality has no part in this literary movement; it is all scientifically based. A few writers in this movement were Theodore Dreiser and Ambrose Beirce. Although Realism and Naturalism are quite similar movements, they are still two very distinct philosophical views on life as illustrated in two pieces of such literature: â€Å"Hedda Gabler† by Henrik Isben and â€Å"Chickamauga† written by Ambrose Beirce. â€Å"Hedda Gabler† is a play written in 1890 by Henrik Ibsen, a Realistic writer, in which Realism is displayed and its principles qualified. Since Realism is a movement dedicated to revealing the vulgarity and cruelty of society to the people this story is likewise an account of a perverse, earthy society. It is based and names after the main character, Hedda Gabler. Gabler is her maiden name, but using it as the title sets the Realistic tone that all she ever did was care for herself and her formerly comfortable, aristocratic lifestyle. She is a prime example of how perverse society and its morality really is. Hedda was married to George Tesman and apparently pregnant with his child which morally is supposed to mean that she has some sort of binding love with him, however, she confessed to Mrs. Elvsted that even after all that, she really had no true feelings for Tesman. Not only does she not love her husband but she has no problem with cheating on him with his scholarly ar chrival, Eilert Loevborg. This is a prime illustration of the Realistic view of a perverse society. Although this story is pointing out the perverse nature of mankind, it is not taking and humane traits out of the characters like Naturalism; it is a much less extreme example of an ultimately corrupt humanity. â€Å"Chickamauga† is a short story written by American Ambrose Beirce, a sardonic author obsessed with death, a Naturalism characteristic, which can blatantly be seen in this story. Naturalism comes from a desire to shock the middle class with thorough and vivid depictions of sadistic, animalistic characters. First of all, Beirces attitude towards the six year old boy in the story, referring to the boy as â€Å"it†, qualifies the Naturalistic principle that man is merely just another animal, no more than a lab case study. Naturalists do not believe than humans possess any kind of otherworldly soul that separates them from all other life forms. This is portrayed especially by the boy and also somewhat by the soldiers and other characters in the story. Already has Beirce started dehumanizing the boy by calling him â€Å"it†, but also they way he writes about him in such an annoyed, insufferable manor it is plain to see that to the Naturalists, the boy is worthless . It is even more appalling considering the inconsiderate tone Beirce took with the boy to find out at the end that he was a deaf mute. Naturalists have no more care for poor children with handicaps than they do with anything else. This detached tone is also taken with the maimed, dying soldiers dragging themselves to the creek. They are plainly observed by the young boy who was amused and intrigued, not aghast, by the awkward way their maimed bodies approached the creek and by how the men whod let their heads down to get a drink had been too weak to lift their heads back out and had drowned in the water. Realists do not take the human factor out of mankind like Naturalists do; they simply observe without any kind of emotion or attachment to the characters and setting. Not only are these soldiers being described and treated inhumanly, the childs reaction to these images were solely influenced and determined by his past experiences, his environment. These men were suffering incredibly and the young boy just laughed as he saw them approaching and thought nothing of their disfigured features until one of them aggressively pushed him off of his back onto the ground. At first he thought of them as amusing because the red blood that covered their faces and bodies reminded him of a clown he had once been entertained by, and the way some of them were crawling reminded him of the way some of his familys slaves had pretended to be horses for him to ride. Because of his past experiences with seemingly similar circumstances, the boy was not afraid and even jumped on the back of one of the crawling soldiers he thought was also pretending to be a horse. However, after the man shoved the little boy off onto the ground and the boy saw his disfigured face he finall y became afraid. The mans jawless, bloody face reminded the little boy of a carnivorous bird after its kill. Both of these reactions were not based on any kind of feeling; they were simply reactions to the boys environment, another principle of Naturalism. Realism does not try to give any reasons for a characters actions whether they are results of their environment or moral responsibilities. Naturalism is a scientific philosophy rationalizing how and why man works the way he does; Realism simply tries to put an accurate emphasis on humane understanding, leaving the characters motive to himself. Although Realism and Naturalism do branch off from each other, they are very different in that Realism leaves the humanistic qualities and just focusing on true observations of a corrupt society whereas Naturalism is a scientific philosophy that mankind is nothing more than another life form on earth acting upon only his chemistry and environmental circumstances. â€Å"Hedda Gabler† and â€Å"Chickamauga† were two very suitable examples of each literary movement. They both clearly exhibited the principles of each movement to the reader.

Objective And Impressionistic Description

Objective and Impressionistic DescriptionThere are two ways to describe depending on the kind of result or response that you like to elicit from the reader. Objective description is the enumeration of details in a matter-of-fact way to simply show the appearance or condition of a person, place,or thing. This kind of description is commonly used when writing journalistic,reports,encyclopedia entries,or scientific observations. Impressionistic description is used when you like to imply certain feelings, or set a mood, or build an atmosphere in what is described. The use of highly connotative words and abstraction usually results in more impressionistic descriptions. This kind of description is often found in literary works and feature articles.Consider this objective description of an eagle:An eagle is any of the hawk family, Accipitridae. Eagles have hooked beaks,curved claws (called talons), keen eyesight, powerful wings, strong bodies, and feathered legs. Land eagles build their nes ts high up in trees,while sea eagles (or ernes) usually build theirs on the rocky ledges of cliffs. Eagles feed on small mammals,birds,fish, and carreon.Now take a look at this impressionistic description of â€Å"The Eagle† by Alfred Lord Tennyson: He clasps the crag with crooked hands; Close to the sun in lonely lands. Ringed with the azure world, he stands.The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls; He watches from his mountain walls, And like a thunderbolt, he falls.Objective and Impressionistic DescriptionThere are two ways to describe depending on the kind of result or response that you like to elicit from the reader. Objective description is the enumeration of details in a matter-of-fact way to simply show the appearance or condition of a person, place,or thing. This kind of description is commonly used when writing journalistic,reports,encyclopedia entries,or scientific observations. Impressionistic description is used when you like  to imply certain feelings, or set a moo d, or build an atmosphere in what is described. The use of highly connotative words and abstraction usually results in more impressionistic descriptions. This kind of description is often found in literary works and feature articles.Consider this objective description of an eagle:An eagle is any of the hawk family, Accipitridae. Eagles have hooked beaks,curved claws (called talons), keen eyesight, powerful wings, strong bodies, and feathered legs. Land eagles build their nests high up in trees,while sea eagles (or ernes) usually build theirs on the rocky ledges of cliffs. Eagles feed on small mammals,birds,fish, and carreon.Now take a look at this impressionistic description of â€Å"The Eagle† by Alfred Lord Tennyson: He clasps the crag with crooked hands; Close to the sun in lonely lands. Ringed with the azure world, he stands.The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls; He watches from his mountain walls, And like a thunderbolt, he falls.Objective and Impressionistic DescriptionTh ere are two ways to describe depending on the kind of result or response that you like to elicit from the reader. Objective description is the enumeration of details in a matter-of-fact way to simply show the appearance or condition of a person, place,or thing. This kind of description is commonly used when writing journalistic,reports,encyclopedia entries,or scientific observations. Impressionistic description is used when you like to imply certain feelings, or set a mood, or build an atmosphere in what is described. The use of highly connotative words and abstraction usually results in more impressionistic descriptions. This kind of description is often found in literary works and feature articles.Consider this objective description of an eagle:An eagle is any of the hawk family,Accipitridae. Eagles have hooked  beaks,curved claws (called talons), keen eyesight, powerful wings, strong bodies, and feathered legs. Land eagles build their nests high up in trees,while sea eagles (or ernes) usually build theirs on the rocky ledges of cliffs. Eagles feed on small mammals,birds,fish, and carreon.Now take a look at this impressionistic description of â€Å"The Eagle† by Alfred Lord Tennyson: He clasps the crag with crooked hands; Close to the sun in lonely lands. Ringed with the azure world, he stands.The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls; He watches from his mountain walls, And like a thunderbolt, he falls.

Nike s Recent `` Equality Campaign `` Commercial Of A...

This essay seeks to analyze Nike’s recent â€Å"equality campaign† commercial that was released in February 2017. Nike, the American sports brand giant who makes up 31% of the athletic footwear market (Keady, 2011), has been noted for creating political statements alongside the consumer goods that they produce. As seen in the short black and white filmed advertisement, famous American athletes Lebron James, Megan Rapinoe, Kevin Durant, and Serena Williams are depicted standing up against social inequalities experienced by racial minorities and other marginalized groups; other marginalized groups include those such as the LGBT community as represented by soccer star Megan Rapinoe. The basic idea behind the piece is to illustrate that if equality†¦show more content†¦As seen with the Nike â€Å"equality campaign† commercial, Nike is calling for those who buy their products to almost break through the current social boundaries and to move â€Å"past these lines.† The quote of moving â€Å"past these lines† aids in furthering the post-Fordist concept of uniqueness as it almost encourages one to think outside the box and to be different by going against societal limitations and norms while in hopes of striving for equality; it gives a sense of inspiration to those who witness the commercial. Nike is commanding for not only their consumer base, but all those who view this ad to be active in fighting for equality for all races and other minority groups. Nike believes this idea starts with â€Å"you,† and not by those who are atop the social hierarchy like those in governmental positions; taking a bottom to top approach. This idea exemplified by Nike gives the consumer a stronger feeling of empowerment within the world in which they live. The idea of individual self-control and power is further highlighted through the quote by the narrator, Michael B. Jordan, who states â€Å"here you’re defined by your actions .† In this instance, each individual in society is considered for being responsible for change. Nike’s willingness of taking into account the various people who make up society is shownShow MoreRelatedGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pages Literature b. History c. Mathematics d. Universal language 11. Businesses a. Business morality b. Charities as businesses 12. Democracy a. Good vs. Bad 13. Social Issues (only stats provided) a. Gender b. Family c. Equality 14. Governance a. World Governance 15. Others a. Cooperation b. Education c. Crime d. Liberty or Security e. Consumerism 1. Media 1a. New vs. Traditional GENERAL Intro: †¢ The first quarter of 2043 will be when the last newspapersRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pagesthe world are inextricably linked, yet profound differences in institutional and cultural environments persist. The challenges for international management reflect this dynamism and the increasing unpredictability of global economic and political events. Continued growth of the emerging markets is reshaping the global balance of economic power. Many emerging markets continued to experience growth during a period in which developed countries saw their economies stagnate or decline. The global politicalRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesideas—and defend them against critical scrutiny. This is great practice for the arena of business to come. 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Quantitative Analysis Market Trends And Developments And...

†¢ Number of kilometers target customers located from *** company: 5 km – 10 km 10 km – 15 km 15 km – 20 km 20 km – 25 km 25 km – 30 km 30 km – 35 km 35 km – 40 km Quantitative analysis techniques Results Result mean in terms of market trends and developments and impact on the business mean 20 km The mean (or average) is the most popular and well known measure of central tendency. It can be used with both discrete and continuous data, although its use is most often with continuous data median 20 km – 25 km The median is the middle score for a set of data that has been arranged in order of magnitude. The median is less affected by outliers and skewed data mode none The mode is the most frequent score in our data set. On a histogram it represents the highest bar in a bar chart or histogram. You can, therefore, sometimes consider the mode as being the most popular option In this case, the business goes with the mean data analysis; the customers coming in the hotel will be within the range of 20kms. If they go with median data analysis, range will only be with in 20 and 25kms. And if the go with the mode data analysis, the range could be anything from 5 to 40kms 4. Identify and review a range of external sources of information (such as relevant books and articles, information on the internet, benchmarking studies) in order to conduct a qualitative analysis of comparative market data for your business. Write up the results of your qualitative analysis. 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These techniques are considerate of the employee morale, relationships with suppliers and needsRead MoreHuman Resource Planning and Development Leads to Success Essay examples1396 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Resource Planning and Development: Human resource development is a concept that has existed even before the 1980s and has played an important role in the success, growth, and development of organizations. The emergence of this concept can be attributed to the establishment of apprenticeship programs in the 18th Century (Werner DeSimone, 2011, p.5). The significance of human resource development in today’s business environment is attributed to its role in organizational profitability. 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A Painful Case By James Joyce - 1508 Words

In author James Joyce’s short story, â€Å"A Painful Case†, the reader is immediately introduced to the character Mr. James Duffy. Upon further inspection, it becomes evident that this character is easily defined by his tendency towards misanthropy. Misanthropy, as defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary, is the â€Å"hatred or distrust of humankind†. This trait in Mr. Duffy is demonstrated clearly in a passage early on in the story: â€Å"His cheekbones also gave his face a harsh character; but there was no harshness in the eyes which, looking at the world from under their tawny eyebrows, gave the impression of a man ever alert to greet a redeeming instinct in others but often disappointed (142).† The key statement in this passage is the second†¦show more content†¦The pupil reasserted itself quickly, this half-disclosed nature fell again under the reign of prudence, and her astrakan jacket, moulding a bosom of a certain fullness, struck the no te of defiance more definitely (143). What draws Mr. Duffy to her initially is her general disposition; she acts very calm and natural, and she isn’t too shy or awkward. She points out the numerous empty seats around them in the concert hall, but makes no fuss over it whatsoever. He also detects her intelligence and sensibility, both of which are important facets of Mrs. Sinico’s personality. To him, the most important of the traits he sees is her vulnerability. This is revealed briefly as her pupils momentarily â€Å"swoon† into the irises, indicating that she is open to his influence in ways she has not verbally stated. This is significant to Mr. Duffy because he knows that if she is vulnerable toward him, he can be dominant over her. The suggested attraction she has leads him to believe later on that â€Å"he would ascend to an angelical stature† in her eyes. He believes that this vulnerability is in fact a weakness in her character, and that she would hold him in a much higher esteem than anyone else in her life. 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The short story opens by conversing Mr. Duffy s choice to live as far as possible from the city of which he was a citizen... he foundRead MoreJames Joyce’s Dubliners Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesJames Joyce’s Dubliners is a collection of short stories that aims to portray middle class life in Dublin, Ireland in the early twentieth century. Most of the stories are written with themes such as entrapment, paralysis, and epiphany, which are central to the flow of the collection of stories as a whole. Characters are usually limited financially, socially, and/or by their environment; they realize near the end of each story that they cannot escape their unfortunate situation in Dublin. These storiesRead MoreParalysis In James Joyces Dubliners1086 Words   |  5 Pagesnever explored: to remain paralyzed between the two states, unable to commit to eith er. James Joyce’s Dubliners is a collection of short stories first published in 1914, that follows the inhabitants of Ireland. Published nearly a half a century before the Republic of Ireland would be recognized as an independant country, many of Joyce’s short stories in Dubliners explore the theme of Irish paralysis, that Joyce found afflicted both the whole of Ireland and its individual citizens. Many of the storiesRead MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s Dubliners Dubliners1633 Words   |  7 PagesBria LeeAnn Coleman ENG 299 Dr. Mark Facknitz October 12, 2015 Epiphanies in James Joyce’s Dubliners Characters in Dubliners experience revelations in their every day lives which James Joyce called epiphanies. Merriam Webster defines an epiphany as â€Å"an illuminating discovery, realization, or disclosure.† While word epiphany has a religious connotation, these epiphanies characters in Dubliners experience do not bring new experiences and possibility of reform that epiphanies usually have. Joyce’sRead MoreA Mosaic Of The Inevitable Disappointments And Delights Of Life By James Joyce s Dubliners1238 Words   |  5 Pagesthe inevitable disappointments and delights of life, James Joyce’s Dubliners is a striking representation of the lives of not only those in early twentieth century Dublin, but also of each one of us. As these unhappy situations progress, it is apparent that each character is caught between contradiction after contradiction; these complex â€Å"ambiguities that reveal a text’s instability† are the key to understanding Dubliners ( Meyer 2100). No painful situation is unalloyed: all of the characters experienceRead More Fragments of A Painful Case and Paper Pills1665 Words   |  7 PagesFragments of A Painful Case and Paper Pills Although James Joyce and Sherwood Anderson situate their subjects in very different milieux (Joyces in Dublin; Andersons in Winesburg, Ohio), two of their subjects speak the same language of idiosyncrasy. In Joyces A Painful Case, Mr. Duffy keeps on his desk a little sheaf of papers held together by a brass pin. In these sheets a sentence was inscribed from time to time and, in an ironical moment, the headline of an advertisement for BileRead MoreEssay about Search for Meaning in James Joyces Dubliners2379 Words   |  10 PagesSearch for Meaning in James Joyces Dubliners Throughout Dubliners James Joyce deliberately effaces the traditional markers of the short story: causality, closure, etc. In doing so, the novel continually offers up texts which mark their own complexity by highlighting the very thing which traditional realism seeks to conceal: the artifice and insufficiency inherent in a writers attempt to represent reality.(Seidel 31) By refusing to take a reductive approach towards the world(s) he presentsRead More The Erotic in Joyces A Painful Case1861 Words   |  8 PagesThe Erotic in Joyces A Painful Case      Ã‚  Ã‚   The characters whom inhabit Joyces world in Dubliners, often have, as Harvard Literature Professor Fischer stated in lecture, a limited way of thinking about and understanding themselves and the world around them. Such determinism, however, operates not on a broad cultural scale, but works in smaller, more local, more interior and more idiosyncratic ways. That is, the forces which govern Joyces characters are not necessarily culturalRead More Paralysis in Dubliners Essay2290 Words   |  10 PagesIn his letters, Joyce himself has said that Dubliners was meant â€Å"to betray the soul of that hemiplegia or paralysis which many consider a city† (55). The paralysis he was talking about is the paralysis of action. The characters in Dubliners exemplify paralysis of action in their inability to escape their lives. In another of Joyce’s writings, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Joyce writes of Ireland: â€Å"When the soul of a man is born in this country there are nets flung at it to holdRead MoreThe Search for Truth or Meaning in James Joyces Dubliners1788 Words   |  8 PagesThe Search for Truth or Meaning in Dubliners       Several of James Joyces stories in Dubliners can read as lamentations on a frustrating inability of man to represent meaning by external means, including written word. When characters in Araby, Counterparts, and A Painful Case attempt to represent or signify themselves, other characters, or abstract spiritual entities with or through words, they not only fail, but end up emotionally ruined. Moreover, the inconclusive endings of the three

Popular culture can be seenas a tool for maintaining status quo, discuss this point of view Free Essays

Marxist school of thought argues that society is structured by and is divided into classes with the ruling one being at the top of the hierarchy. No matter which class takes that social power (hegemony) and becomes the bourgeoisie of its time, there is always a need to maintain it, thus controlling the proletariat by any means at hand. In this essay I will discuss how popular culture is used to achieve this goal according to the Marxist point of view. We will write a custom essay sample on Popular culture can be seenas a tool for maintaining status quo, discuss this point of view or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the modern times culture and classes are mostly confined within individual states, although interchangeable cultural values and process of globalisation might be developing in our society, they are not yet matured enough to challenge the key capitalist ideology. The state in opinion of such Marxist as Louis Althusser is the kind of governmental formation that arises with capitalism; a state (term ‘nation’ can also be applicable in this case) is determined by the capitalist mode of production and formed to protect its interests. It is historically true (whether you are a Marxist or not) that the idea of nations as discrete units is coterminous with capitalism. He sees such political ideologies as democracy for example, as providers of an illusion that all people are equal, and have equal power (and hence masks relations of economic exploitation). ‘Culture is a constant succession of social practices: it is therefore inherently political’ (John Fiske) Althusser stated in his works that there are two main ways in which the elite can manipulate lower classes; Ideological State Apparatuses is one of such mechanisms. These are institutions, which generate ideologies, which we as individuals (and groups) then internalize, and act in accordance with. Examples include schools, religions, the family, legal systems, politics, arts, sports and media. As we will see later, popular culture can be used in conjunction with these ISAs. Since the end of 19th century television started to play a major role in our lives. It generates values, ideas and messages that we often do not question thoroughly enough to understand their indented meanings. Thus, arguably it is the tool social elite uses to controls us. Due to the fact that television is often blended into the term popular culture or is defined as significant element of popular culture; I shall base my discussion around its example. According to such theorists as John Fiske and Wiesengrund Adorno mass media promote low cultural concepts (to which all this of popularity are assigned according to elitist point of view) that are meant to keep the members of the lower society classes passive or even narcotized to fuel the capitalist machine. A good example would be a BBC news report that is considered to be trustworthy source of information. Every day before report goes on air its content is carefully edited to fit in with the current government agendas and social norms. Even though issues raised may concern a variety of professional debates within the society, they are simplified and implemented in the standardized language to be easily understood, hence dummed down to the level of the lowest common denominator that is proletariat. Amongst such concepts is commodity culture which links well with the culture industry. First endorses the view that people in modern society are nothing more than a set of branded goods and are easily manipulated. This theory connotes that anything could be purchased in the capitalist society for a certain amount of money that serve as ultimate lever of the classes. John Fiske goes on to expand this idea to suggest that even loyalty, love and friendship values can be corrupted by this type of popular culture. Supporting these statements is a difficult task; however, let us look at some common to all of us things. Non-compulsory military service could suggest purchasable loyalty; it offers good wages and high quality training in exchange for your life (extreme and blunt example yet makes a point). Commodity culture in its turn, as stated by Adorno, keeps us passively satisfied and politically disinterested. It provides us with false needs to take care of and a set of fetishistic desires, which invade our lives. All of this is said to exhaust our economic potential to the point we loose our upward mobility and become an inactive part of the society that poses no threat to the ruling elite’s hegemony. Take reality TV shows and property market. Do we really need to know that some of our fellow humans can’t sing? Or do we need to keep buying and selling properties until we have large mortgages, high levels of stress and no real power? Yet most of the people master the art of making do that is popular culture values. Finally French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu divided capital into cultural and financial parts. He reasoned that similar to variable access to money and thus power by different classes and social groups, there is a variable possession of cultural and symbolic power. Hence by embracing popular culture we lower our cultural capital that affects our status and meaning within the modern society. Marxist view of the society is quite dated now, yet it still provides alarmingly appropriate to modern day life ideas. Nonetheless, it is important to understand that in its extreme and pure form Marxist view can only lead to wild conspiracy theories and delusional arguments. In my opinion Marxism should be used in conjunction and contrast with its rival theories in order to reach realistic conclusions. How to cite Popular culture can be seenas a tool for maintaining status quo, discuss this point of view, Papers

Mexican American War Essay Sample free essay sample

1. How did American life during the period of the Age of the Common Man reflect both the influence of the frontier and the impact of newer rationalistic constructs? ( Think innovations. faith. peace. prosperity. literature. art. instruction. etc ) 2. Briefly define ( no more than 1 paragraph each. some are a sentence or two ) : -The Mexican American War: The Mexican-American war was a battle for chap between the Untied States and Mexico where the United States defeated Mexico and gained over five 100 1000 stat mis of land. The land in known as the Southwest and makes up a huge bulk of the United States. A major subscriber to the war was the American belief of Manifest Destiny and showed how the United States wanted to widen their boundary lines to the Pacific. The skill of the land did open up much room for American colony. but it besides worsened the struggle between the North and South on whether or non the new district would be slave of free. Not able to hold on this job the two sides declared war on each other and it finally brought upon the Civil War of 1861. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //dig. lib. niu. edu/mexicanwar/overview. hypertext markup language ) -The Wilmot Proviso: This was a proviso non leting bondage in the district that the United States gained in the Mexican American War. The proviso was proposed by a representative from Pennsylvania named David Wilmot in 1846. Congress denied the provision and in consequence neer went into consequence. ( World Wide Web. ohiohistorycentral. org ) -The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: With the terminal of the Mexican American war came the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The papers was signed on February 2. 1848 in the town of Guadalupe Hidalgo. ( World Wide Web. archives. gov ) -Compromise of 1850: The via media was composed of five different Torahs to cover with bondage issues. This papers was proposed by Henry Clay in order to decide the issue of California come ining the Union as a free province. The Fugitive Slave Act was amended and slave trade in Washington D. C was banned. Then a territorial authorities was created in Utah. so eventually an act that settled the boundary difference between Texas and Mexico. ( World Wide Web. loc. gov ) -Kansas Nebraska Act: This was an act to take the Missouri Compromise which allowed b ondage in the country straight north of the 36 30 line. There was much convulsion between slave proprietors and the free provinces and was a conducive factor to the Civil War. ( World Wide Web. loc. gov ) -The Dred Scott determination: The Dred Scott determination was a supreme tribunal determination that was issued on March 6. 1857 saying that slaves could non action and were non to be considered citizens of the United States. With the determination. the Missouri Compromise was considered unconstitutional and that Congress shouldn’t have the authorization to censor bondage in their part. The 13th and 14th amendments so came to be with this determination. ( World Wide Web. loc. gov ) -Freeport Doctrine- This philosophy was written by Stephen Douglas and stated that bondage could be excluded by districts of the United States. this was a was to derive retaliation of the Dred Scott determination. ( World Wide Web. encyclopaedia. com ) -Harper’s Ferry- In October 1859 John Brown and 18 others raided the federal armory in Haperâ €™s Ferry. Virginia. His concluding behind this was he thought that the slaves would come to assist his cause and disobey their Masterss. but no slaves accompanied him. Brown was found guilty of lese majesty and was hanged publically. ( World Wide Web. mce. k12tn. net/civilwar ) 3. To what extent can the Civil War be accounted for as a battle between two counter economic systems? Include political branchings. representation equity. economic and educational issues – item and support of your thoughts is really of import here. The North and the South were in a changeless stuggle for both power and representation in Congress. The two sides had wholly different position points and handled concern really otherwise. The North was a free province and the South was a slave province. Each province had representatives that acted as the interpreter for the province. The North didnt want the South to hold more representation and the South felt the same about the North. So whenever the Union added a province the Confederacy wanted to add a slave province. This went back and Forth until the Civil War began. The Union earned their income with industry and doing many necessities. where the South relied to a great extent on baccy. cotton. and the most debatable bondage. The South besides wanted 3/5 of every slave to number as a adult male and be used to stand for the province in Congressional affairs. The Union would non hold with this what so of all time and wholly close this thought down. The South had a lower population. had a little railway system. did non bring forth much steel or Fe. had less wealth. less valuable exports. less mills. but had the bulk of all farming area in the United States. The instruction difference was a major difference excessively. The Northerners were more educated and had a much more to offer educationally. In the South they entirely relied on the farm and what type of merchandise it was bring forthing. Even though the South did non hold everything the North did. they were content and were non in the temper for any alteration at all. ( civilwar. org ) 4. Distinguish between the Lincoln Reconstruction Plan. the Johnson Reconstruction Plan. and the Congressional Reconstruction Plan. which do you believe should hold been applied? Explain to the full. The Lincoln Reconstruction Plan was to be every bit fleet as possible and consisted of three chief points a general forgiveness would be given to everyone in the South who would take an curse of trueness to the Union and the United States as a whole and to obey all bondage Torahs. He besides stated that each high ranking Confederate functionary would be dismissed from the procedure. Finally with one ten percent of a popular ballot of those who voted in 1860. the province would be able to set forth their ain authorities and selected their ain functionaries. ( www. u-s-history. com ) The Johnson Reconstruction Plan was the program issued after Lincoln’s blackwash and would include: all forgivenesss would be given if a trueness curse was recited. Then there would be no forgivenesss g iven to any high ranking Confederate functionaries or any citizen owning a belongings valued at $ 20. 000. After that each province must wholly get rid of bondage before being readmitted and was required to reexamine their withdrawing authorization before being readmitted. ( www. u-s-history. com ) The Congressional Reconstruction Plan or the Extremist Reconstruction Plan was a Congress based program that placed former Confederate provinces under military power and divided the provinces into five territories. A separate Union general was placed in each territory and ran each. The Army would move as the authorities until a new authorities was put in topographic point. The military made the Confederated followed mandated orders and was in charge of voting for grownup males including African Americans. After that Congress declared their right to hold ultimate power over the provinces and was highlighted in the Texas v. White instance of 1869. All new Confederate authoritiess were non allowed to set former high ranking functionaries into power. Finally all new provinces were to sign the 14th amendment. ( World Wide Web. tdl. org ) I think the Congressional Reconstruction Plan best suited the United States. Lincoln’s was merely to loosen up. The state about fell apart so the lone thing to make was something extremist. 5. Was Lincoln’s issue of the Emancipation Proclamation a contradiction of his earlier profession that the Civil War was being waged non for the devastation of bondage but for the saving of the Union? Explain to the full as you can. Abraham Lincoln has a great repute and is known to be the 1 who set the slaves free. Although he played a major function on the abolition of bondage. his first purposes were non ever swayed toward that determination. Before the Emancipation Proclamation Lincoln said to a Cincinnati crowd in 1859 â€Å"I now assure you. that I neither†¦ had. nor have had. any intent in any manner of interfering with the instirution†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or another illustration to an editor at the New York Times â€Å"My paramount object in this battle is to salvage the Union. and is non either to salvage or destruct bondage. † These statements from Lincoln show clearly that he had other thoughts about what should and would be done with bondage. Something between 1859 and 1863 wholly changed his head and came to a realisation that a cheeky determination should be made. So in 1863 the Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclaimation. He had been formulatating his program and cognize befre any other American what was in shop. Lincoln did non desire to interfer with the slave trade. but realized that the Union could and would non last unless bondage was wholly abolished. Many critize Lincoln and say no slaves were even emancipated on the twenty-four hours of its declaration and merely certain slaves that were in rebellious provinces were consider to be free. The Emancipation Proclamation was non a contadiction to any ealier statements. it was a program that merely Lincoln knew approximately. He knew the biggest job was bondage and alteration needed to be made. ( wuod. lib. umich. edu )